When dealing with disseminated candida infection, a serious form of invasive candidiasis where Candida spreads through the bloodstream to multiple organs. Also called invasive candidiasis, this condition often shows up in hospital settings. It’s not just a fungal nuisance – it can quickly turn into a life‑threatening situation if left unchecked.
One of the biggest drivers is immune suppression, a weakened immune system caused by chemotherapy, steroids, HIV, or organ transplants. Add a central venous catheter or prolonged broad‑spectrum antibiotics, and you have a perfect storm for Candida to enter the bloodstream. Patients in intensive care units see the highest rates because the combination of invasive devices and weakened defenses creates a doorway for the fungus.
Another important piece is the type of Candida involved. Candida albicans, the most common species causing invasive disease often leads the charge, but non‑albicans species like C. glabrata and C. auris are rising, especially in settings where antifungal use is heavy. Understanding which species you’re dealing with helps shape the treatment plan.
Diagnosing the infection means catching it early. Blood cultures remain the gold standard, yet they can miss up to 50 % of cases. That's why many clinicians add beta‑D‑glucan testing or molecular assays to boost detection. Imaging, such as CT scans, can reveal organ involvement – the kidneys, eyes, and brain are frequent targets. Early, accurate diagnosis is the first step toward stopping the spread.
Once confirmed, the battle turns to antifungal therapy, use of drugs like echinocandins, fluconazole, or amphotericin B to eradicate the fungus. Guidelines usually start with an echinocandin because it covers most Candida species, including those resistant to azoles. If the isolate is known to be fluconazole‑sensitive, therapy can be stepped down to oral options for a shorter hospital stay. Monitoring drug levels and kidney function is crucial, especially with amphotericin B, which can be harsh on the kidneys.
Preventing future episodes focuses on reducing the sources of fungal sepsis. Strategies include removing unnecessary catheters, limiting unnecessary antibiotic exposure, and using prophylactic antifungals in high‑risk patients, such as those undergoing bone‑marrow transplantation. Education of healthcare staff about hygiene and early signs can cut down the incidence dramatically.
Below you’ll find a curated set of articles that dive deeper into each of these areas – from detailed drug comparisons to practical tips for managing immune‑compromised patients. Whether you’re a clinician looking for the latest treatment guidance or a patient trying to understand your diagnosis, the collection offers clear, actionable insights you can put to use right away.
Explore how catheters drive candidemia and disseminated Candida infections, covering risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and the latest research insights.